How do you perform passive range of motion for the knee and ankle?

• A. Support the leg at the knee and ankle, slowly bend and straighten the knee, and move the ankle through its ROM within comfort
• B. Hold the leg at the thigh and rush through movements
• C. Move only the knee and ignore the ankle
• D. Move the ankle first, then the knee quickly

Answer: (A)

Passive range of motion for the knee and ankle is about gently moving the joints through their available range to keep them flexible and promote circulation when the resident can’t move them on their own. The best approach is to support the leg at both the knee and ankle so you have control of the limb, then slowly bend and straighten the knee while moving the ankle through its range within the resident’s comfort. This careful, smooth motion protects tissues from injury, prevents pain, and avoids forcing the joints beyond what they can safely do. It also ensures both joints are exercised together for overall leg mobility.

Rushing through movements can cause injury and is uncomfortable. Moving only the knee while ignoring the ankle leaves the other joint unstretched. Moving the ankle first, then the knee quickly, lacks the controlled, coordinated, soothing pace that keeps the joints safe.